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1.5 k ohm

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A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element. Resistors reduce current flow in electronic circuits, a property that is utilized to adjust signal levels, to divide voltages, bias active elements, and terminate transmission lines, among other uses. High-power resistors that can dissipate many watts of electrical power as heat may be used as part of motor controls, in power distribution systems, or as test loads for generators. Fixed resistors have resistances that only change slightly with temperature, time or operating voltage. Variable resistors can be used to adjust circuit elements (such as a volume control or a lamp dimmer), or as sensing devices for heat, light, humidity, force, or chemical activity.

Resistors are common elements of electrical networks and electronic circuits and are ubiquitous in electronic equipment. Practical resistors as discrete components can be composed of various compounds and forms. Resistors are also implemented within integrated circuits.

The electrical function of a resistor is specified by its resistance: common commercial resistors are manufactured over a range of more than nine orders of magnitude. The nominal value of the resistance falls within the manufacturing tolerance, indicated on the component.

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What is a Resistor?

Special components called resistors are made for the express purpose of creating a precise quantity of resistance for insertion into a circuit. They are typically constructed of metal wire or carbon and engineered to maintain a stable resistance value over a wide range of environmental conditions.

Unlike lamps, they do not produce light, but they do produce heat as electric power is dissipated by them in a working circuit. Typically, though, the purpose of a resistor is not to produce usable heat, but simply to provide a precise quantity of electrical resistance.

 

Resistor Schematic Symbols and Values

The most common schematic symbol for a resistor is a zig-zag line:

 

resistor symbol zig zag

 

Resistor values in ohms are usually shown as an adjacent number, and if several resistors are present in a circuit, they will be labeled with a unique identifier number such as R1, R2, R3, etc. As you can see, resistor symbols can be shown either horizontally or vertically:

 

resistor values 150 25 ohms

 

Real resistors look nothing like the zig-zag symbol. Instead, they look like small tubes or cylinders with two wires protruding for connection to a circuit. Here is a sampling of different kinds and sizes of resistors:

 

example of sizes resistors

 

In keeping more with their physical appearance, an alternative schematic symbol for a resistor looks like a small, rectangular box:

 

rectangular box resistor schematic symbol

 

Resistors can also be shown to have varying rather than fixed resistances. This might be to describe an actual physical device designed to provide an adjustable resistance, or it could be to show some component that just happens to have an unstable resistance:

 

variable resistance resistors

 

Any time you see a component symbol drawn with a diagonal arrow through it, that component has a variable rather than a fixed value. This symbol “modifier” (the diagonal arrow) is a standard electronic symbol convention.

Resistor: What is it & What Does it Do? (Examples Included) | Electrical4U

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